What is Seborrheic Keratosis?
Seborrheic keratosis is a skin condition medically known as Seborrheic Keratosis, a benign tumor caused by the excessive proliferation of epidermal cells in the skin. It typically begins to appear after the age of 30 and increases with age, occurring not only on sun-exposed areas such as the face, neck, back of the hands, and torso, but also anywhere on the body. Initially, it starts as small brown spots, gradually growing larger and thicker, with a rough or warty, bumpy surface. The color can also vary from light brown to dark brown or black.
Why Does Seborrheic Keratosis Occur?
The main causes of seborrheic keratosis are aging and UV exposure. As skin cells age, the ability to regulate epidermal cell growth diminishes, leading to excessive proliferation. Furthermore, UV radiation is known as a major factor that damages the skin and promotes the development of seborrheic keratosis. Genetic factors can also influence the occurrence of seborrheic keratosis, and some studies suggest an association with human papillomavirus (HPV), but this is not the primary cause of typical seborrheic keratosis.
Is Seborrheic Keratosis Removal Always Necessary?
Seborrheic keratosis is mostly a benign tumor and does not pose a direct threat to health. Therefore, removal is not always mandatory. However, many individuals opt for removal due to cosmetic concerns. Additionally, in rare cases, it can be difficult to distinguish visually from malignant skin cancer such as melanoma. Therefore, if there are sudden changes in size, shape, or color, or if it becomes itchy or bleeds, an accurate diagnosis by a dermatologist is necessary. A specialist can differentiate malignancy through visual examination and, if necessary, dermoscopy or biopsy.
Types of Seborrheic Keratosis Removal Procedures
Laser procedures are primarily used for seborrheic keratosis removal, and various methods can be applied depending on the size, depth, and location of the lesion. For all procedures, it is important to consult with a dermatologist and choose a method suitable for your individual skin condition.
- CO2 Laser (Carbon Dioxide Laser): One of the most commonly used methods, it precisely ablates seborrheic keratosis tissue by generating thermal energy absorbed by the water in skin tissue. It is effective for removing relatively deep and thick seborrheic keratosis, and scabs may form after the procedure, requiring a recovery period.
- Erbium YAG Laser (Er:YAG Laser): Similar to the CO2 laser in that it ablates skin tissue, but it has the advantage of less surrounding tissue damage, lower risk of scarring, and faster recovery. It can primarily be used for removing shallow and wide seborrheic keratosis.
- IPL (Intense Pulsed Light) or Pigment Laser: Can help improve pigmentation in light pigmented seborrheic keratosis or widely spread seborrheic keratosis. This method uses multiple wavelengths of light to improve pigmented lesions and is often used in conjunction with other laser procedures rather than alone.
- Cryotherapy: A method that rapidly freezes seborrheic keratosis tissue using liquid nitrogen to cause necrosis. It may be accompanied by pain, and blisters or scabs may form after the procedure. It can primarily be applied to relatively small seborrheic keratosis.
- Surgical Excision: Surgical excision may be considered for very large lesions, when malignant changes are suspected, or when a biopsy is required.
Post-Removal Care and Prevention of Seborrheic Keratosis
Proper care is important after seborrheic keratosis removal procedures. If scabs form on the treated area, they should be allowed to fall off naturally, and care should be taken not to forcibly remove them. Applying a regenerative ointment or using hydrocolloid dressings can aid wound healing and minimize scar formation. The most crucial aspect is UV protection. If the treated area is exposed to sunlight, hyperpigmentation may occur, so it is essential to apply sunscreen thoroughly and use hats or parasols to protect the skin from UV rays. Furthermore, consistent UV protection is essential to prevent the recurrence of seborrheic keratosis and the formation of new lesions.
This article provides general medical information and does not substitute for individual diagnosis and treatment. If you are considering seborrheic keratosis removal, it is crucial to consult with a dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis and a treatment plan tailored to your individual needs.
Clinics with Registered Procedure Information
- Mi&Mi Clinic Centum Branch (Haeundae-gu) — Registered Procedures: Seborrheic Keratosis & Lentigo Removal
Listed in alphabetical order and not a ranking or medical recommendation. Procedure information is based on content registered by each clinic. (Source: Keudeomjip)